Automotive History: Chrysler’s Failed Turboencabulator Hybrid Program – Patriot Games

You’ve probably heard of the 200 mpg carburetor, which was bought up and buried by a conspiracy of “powerful interests”. It’s a great story, but it’s not true.

That doesn’t mean Detroit has no secrets. This recently unearthed and seemingly incomprehensible Chrysler training film reveals what may have been the greatest secret in Motor City history, a real breakthrough technology. Others have since dug up the background and details. Chrysler bet big on it, jealously keeping it secret, investing hundreds of millions, going way out on a limb. Production cars were ready for release, but at the last minute, the limb broke.

Let’s start with this incredible technology by looking at its predecessor. Hybrid cars have emerged by the millions since the year 2000. They combine an electric motor/generator/battery system with the internal combustion engine in a complimentary system, to keep the engine running at its most efficient power and speed, while the electric system working as a motor takes care of extreme loads in acceleration, and working as a generator recovers energy in deceleration. Electric motor/generators are the key. This principle has been known for over a century, since Ferdinand Porsche developed the Lohner-Porsche Mixte Hybrid in 1901.

Electric_motor

As Michael Faraday showed in 1831, the relative motion of electric conductors and magnetic fluxes will induce an electric current, that’s a generator. The same machine works the other way as well, electric current and magnetic fluxes will produce relative motion, that’s a motor. You can clearly see this illustrated above. The catch is, at any given time it must be either a motor or a generator, not both. Many have realized through the ages, that when an electric motor drives an electric generator through a common shaft, if the generator’s output could power that motor, it would be an energy breakthrough. Unfortunately as many have found, in theory and practice, it’s impossible to combine motor and generator functions at the same time, due to the nature of magnetic induction and electric conductance. But, in the mid-20th century, another way was discovered, the turbo-encabulator.

JHQuick

Basically the only new principle involved is that instead of power being generated by the relative motion of conductors and fluxes, it’s produced by the modial interaction of magneto reluctance and capacitive duractance. This principle was first discovered in the heat of World War II, by J. H. Quick, a well-known electrical engineer, who named it turbo-encabulation. For security reasons, it was published in 1944 by the British Institution of Electrical Engineers Students’ Quarterly Journal, where it would go unnoticed by Nazi spies. Soon after discovery the war ended and turboencabulation fell into obscurity.

AnimAc

Here is a dynamic grid showing the modial interaction of magneto reluctance and capacitive duractance at the heart of turboencabulator technology. Note how the inverse reactive current cycling back and forth automatically synchronizes each of the cardinal grammeters in the array.

Turbo_Encabulator_2

You can clearly see how turboencabulation works in a real system, in this instructive chart, prepared as part of Rockwell’s 1980s-era project (which we’ll see later). It shows power generation in a vehicle transmission, and mechanical details of the malleable logarithmic casing, hydrocoptic marselvanes, and especially the lotus-o-delta main winding. Follow along in this flow chart as you listen to turboencabulator principles being explained in the film, and all soon becomes clear.

General Electric Turboencabulator 1962

GE picked up the technology in the 1950s, and by 1962 offered the first turboencabulator product, for applications in the electric power industry. Conservative utility companies had little interest in such a radical technology, so it never became well-known. But GE locked up turboencabulation technology with patents that didn’t expire until the 1980s.

turbine-gen3

After laying dormant several decades, Chrysler quietly came onto the turboencabulator scene, having been primed by their earlier work with turbines. We’re all familiar with Chrysler’s Turbine Car of 1963. Less well-known is that Chrysler had been developing and running turbine cars ever since the early 1950s. After the successful customer trials of the ’63 car, Chrysler developed a new coupe body for what was to be the first production turbine car. However, by the late ’60s the turbine’s fuel economy and NOx pollution issues stalled the program, and that new body became the Dodge Charger. Allpar has all the details. Chrysler persevered and eventually solved the pollution problems, but fuel crises in the 1970s put an end to the program. So much had been spent and lost from their dedication to turbine technology, Chrysler was forced to abandon their turbine engine as a precondition of the U.S. government loan guarantees that saved the company in 1979.

TurboEncLab

Prohibited from turbine development, Chrysler engineers took their Turbo experience into the Turboencabulator field in the early 1980s. GE’s patents had all expired and the technology again lay forgotten. Chrysler Engineering invested heavily in a secret experimental research program. Shown here is the CRM-114, Chrysler’s first operating research turboencabulator capable of vehicle power levels. At center in yellow is the base-plate of prefabulated amulite, surmounted by a C-shaped malleable logarithmic casing. The two spurving bearings to its right are in a direct line with the pentametric fan, in green to the left. The early attempts to construct a sufficiently robust spiral decommutator failed largely because of a lack of appreciation of the large quasi-piestic stresses in the gremlin studs; the latter were specially designed to hold the roffit bars to the spamshaft. When, however, it was discovered that wending could be prevented by a simple addition to the living sockets, almost perfect running was secured.

Chrysler also worked with Rockwell to get federal funding on turboencabulator hybrid development for tanks and trucks. The US Defense Dept. badly needed much higher fuel economy to tame the massive diesel fuel supply line required by all the new mobile weaponry. This is an early Rockwell report to their funding agencies, with more details on their turboencabulator technology.

Pic03

Encouraged by success in the research lab, engineers worked to develop a practical turboencabulator that would fit into a car, and into a car’s manufacturing budget. After several years they had succeeded with a compact circular form, illustrated above. Magneto reluctance (blue) and capacitive duractance (red) are in continuous dynamic modial interaction. Six hydrocoptic marzul vanes (green) are fitted to the ambaphascient lunar wainshaft. The main winding was of the normal lotus-odeltoid type placed in panendurmic semi-bulloid slots of the stator, every seventh conductor being connected by a non-reversible tremmy pipe to the differential girdle spring on the up-end of the grammeters. Turboencabulation was finally ready for the American road.

chrysler-engineer-fiction

Chrysler geared up towards production in 1988. They developed it as a hybrid system, by packaging the turboencabulator into a transmission unit, seen in the training film, between the conventional combustion engine and the driveshafts of a Dodge Dynasty. 200 prototypes were built and thoroughly tested by a large Chrysler staff, before a consumer rollout planned for 1990. Ten million vehicle miles were logged on test tracks an local highways. Performance was excellent, with high reliability and lifetime, while delivering 50 to 75 mpg on the city/highway cycle.

But, all this mileage revealed a faint but persistent effect. Turboencabulator’s fundamental operating principle, the modial interaction of magneto reluctance and capacitive duractance, turned out to affect water vapor in the surrounding air. At a rate of one per one billion molecules per kilowatt per second, a nearby water molecule was transmuted into a molecule of  dihydrogen monoxide. Known as DHMO, it’s a potentially dangerous chemical compound with well-known human health effects, and is regulated by federal, state and local authorities.

dipole

This graphic illustrates how the magneto reluctance and capacitive duractance fields impact on the water molecule, converting it into DHMO. The original machine had a base plate of pre-famulated amulite surmounted by a malleable logarithmic casing. But the casing’s steel, like the steel car body, which is completely effective in shielding electromagnetic fields, is transparent to magneto reluctance and capacitive duractance. Aluminum and all known plastics are transparent as well.

DHMOsafety

A million turboencabulated hybrid cars, each running 100,000 miles, would create a significant level of DHMO in the atmosphere. Here is one of the Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) available for DHMO. As you see, DHMO aspiration has been proven to cause serious injury, even sudden death.

Chrysler engineers went on a frantic search for an effective shielding material. The only effective material found was a 2 inch (5 cm) thick casing of iron pyrite, almost as heavy as gold and nearly as valuable too. Unfortunately a big enough casing to shield a car or truck-sized turboencabulator weighs 2000 pounds (4400 kg), and costs three times the cost of the turboencabulator itself. After years of effort to find a practical shielding material for automotive turboencabulators, it was deemed fundamentally flawed technology. As with turbine cars before, Chrysler’s program to build turboencabulator hybrid passenger cars, even after millions of successful prototype miles, was frozen.

In the meantime, as seen in this marketing film, Rockwell Automation went on to deploy turboencabulator technology to electric power automation industry. In high-power stationary equipment, the heavy pyrite shielding required to prevent DHMO formation was acceptable. But as GE found before, the electric power industry was cautious and Rockwell’s turboencabulators never found wide adoption.

Chrysler2s

Chrysler Engineering still wouldn’t give up. They kept their turboencabulator hybrid alive in a secret racing program. Race car power trains weren’t subject to environmental standards, since a race car logs so few vehicle-miles compared with production cars, so a little DHMO wasn’t a problem. Racing an unshielded turboencabulator kept the program alive while they continued to find a solution to the shielding problem. Spy photos like this one appeared in the press, which the company at first denied.

Then they showed the Chrysler Patriot at the Detroit Auto Show in January 1994, and announced their intent to win the Le Mans 24 Hour Race. Patriot was a brilliant combination of Chrysler’s two revolutionary technologies: a gas turbine engine with a turboencabulator hybrid transmission. Wired magazine said, “Chrysler is convinced it can dazzle both the ecology movement and the tire-smoke-sniffing gearheads of the world using once supersecret technology suddenly available and cheap following the collapse of the defense industry.”

Chrysler called the turboencabulator a “flywheel” to keep the secret. Even though any school child can tell you a big flywheel is a gyroscope, and a car with a big gyroscope will flip on the first corner. But the press never called them on it.

patriotgraphic

Patriot was an exciting car of the future. If only they could make it practical in volume. Unfortunately after several more years of development with no progress on the DHMO shielding problem, Chrysler’s accountants finally shut down the whole program in 1996. Chrysler’s Patriot with its secret turoboencabulator hybrid system never raced. They put out a face-saving diagram of the Patriot, with the “Flywheel” marked as “Shelved for the near-term.” and Patriot faded away. Turboencabulation at Chrysler was never heard from again.

Chrysler’s failure turned out to have unfortunate timing. In 1997, Toyota’s electromagnetic hybrid system came to market in Japan with the first Prius. After their painful turbine / turboencabulator double-whammy, Chrysler execs were certain hybrid technology was a dead end. This accounts for the fact that, unlike Ford and GM, Chrysler’s hybrid product offerings have been nil. Huge losses, due in part to the failed turboencabulator hybrid project, helped drive Chrysler into its 1998 merger with Daimler-Benz.

Of course today there’s little that can hide from the Wikipedia. Go there to learn more about the Turboencabulator story, and the truth about DHMO.